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Analyse av nasjonal beredskap og krigstrussel i Bosnia

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Bosnias politiske historie og system Bosnia dukker stadig opp som samtaletema i militær sammenheng på grunn av sin nylige historie. Etter å ha vært en del av Jugoslavia siden 1920 holdt Bosnia en uavhengighetsavstemning i 1992. I respons til Bosnias uavhengighetserklæring forsøkte de bosniske serberne sin egen uavhengighetserklæring med Republika Srpska. Krigen som fulgte er beryktet for sin brutalitet, flyktningstrømmer, dødelighet og krigsforbrytelser. Dette ble den dødeligste europeiske konflikten siden 1950, nylig slått av krigen i Ukraina i offertall. Etter nesten fire år ble krigen avsluttet uten vinnere og endte med organisasjonen av en etnisk oppdelt stat etter Daytonavtalen.  Bosnia har to likeverdige landsdeler: Føderasjonen Bosnia og Hercegovina og Republika Srpska. Hele landet er ledet av det roterende presidentskapet, som alltid er en av de tre valgte presidentene. Hver av de tre anerkjente nasjonale etniske gruppene har sin egen president. Føderasjonen er laget for ...
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Artsakh is gone. What now?

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  With the new year comes a change in the map that straddles the line between a de facto and a de jure development. As of January 1st, 2024, the Republic of Artsakh no longer exists, ending its 32-year history as an independent yet unrecognized state. The republic controlled most of the Nagorno-Karabakh region, and until 2020 also other territories internationally recognized as part of Azerbaijan. On the 19 th of September 2023 Azerbaijani military forces moved into the territory of Artsakh from multiple directions [1] . Fears of a third Nagorno-Karabakh war were halted by the surrender of the military of Artsakh the following day. With no support from the weakened Armenia and no hope of intervention by any great power, the government of Artsakh had no means to continue the fight alone. The surrendered government promised to dissolve Artsakh in January 2024 [2] . Artsakh’s dissolution marks the end of the Nagorno-Karabakh dispute, but it may not end the Armenia-Azerbaijan conf...
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Tajikistan, the model dictatorship

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 Tajikistan is not a country often discussed by international media. It is a poor post-soviet state without much to make it stick out. It does not have the economic miracles and close relations with the west of the Baltics, nor the natural gas wealth of western Central Asia, nor has it been assaulted by Russia like Georgia and Ukraine. This lack of unique traits means Tajikistan is almost anonymous when seen with an international lens, but it also means Tajikistan can be used as an excellent case study. Tajikistan is a very normal dictatorship, with all the abuses and refusal of freedoms as that entails. Map of Tajikistan in Asia by Mapsland The Republic of Tajikistan has been ruled by president Emomali Rahmon since 1992, making him the longest reigning leader of any post-soviet state. His reign began with him as a “nondescript” compromise candidate selected to halt the escalating civil war, but he has slowly become the singular personalistic “strongman” who completely dominates ...
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